Low-temperature pipes are mainly used in low-temperature environments and are suitable for environments ranging from -45°C to -195°C.
What materials are used for cryogenic pipes?
1. Low temperature high strength steel.
This kind of low-temperature pipe is mainly made of carbon-manganese, and a small amount of nickel and chromium is added to improve the low-temperature toughness of steel. In addition, adding a small amount of molybdenum and vanadium can improve the strength of steel. It not only has high strength but also has strong low temperature resistance. It is a material that is both strong and tough and can be used in various engineering spherical tanks and low-temperature pressure vessels.
2. Low carbon aluminum killed steel
It uses silicon-manganese as the main component, which can improve the low-temperature toughness of the material. Adding an appropriate amount of aluminum and refining the grains can improve the toughness of the steel and improve the aging performance. The low-temperature steel used in China basically falls into this category, and the impact force at low temperature is 21 to 28J.
3. Austenitic stainless steel
This type of steel has a stable face-centered cubic lattice structure, and its main feature is good toughness. It is also able to withstand low temperatures and has no loss of toughness at low temperatures of -196°C, including types such as 304L and 316. Therefore, austenitic stainless steel can be used below -196°C for liquefaction, storage and transportation of natural gas, and can also be used in cryogenic equipment for manufacturing liquid nitrogen.
4. Nickel-based low-temperature steel
This type of steel uses nickel as the main element, which can improve the low-temperature toughness of the steel. As the nickel content increases, the low-temperature toughness will also increase. This kind of steel can be used in low-temperature equipment between -40 and -196°C. The nickel content varies depending on the use temperature. For example: normalized 2.5% nickel steel can be used to -50°C, normalized 3.5% nickel steel can be used to -88°C. The more components of quenched and tempered nickel steel, the higher the applicable temperature.
